13 research outputs found
Calibrating a photogrammetric digital frame sensor using a test field
In this paper a twofold calibration approach for a digital frame sensor has been developed which tries to cope with panchromatic and multispectral calibration separately. Although there have been several improvements and developments in calibration of the digital frame sensor, only limited progresses has been made in the context of multispectral image calibration. To this end, a specific photogrammetric flight was executed to try to calibrate the geometric parameters of a large format aerial digital camera. This photogrammetric flight was performed in the âPrincipado de Asturiasâ and it has been designed with a Ground Sample Distance of 6 cm, formed by two strips perpendicular between each other, with five images each one and a longitudinal overlap of 60%. Numerous points have been presignalled over the ground, both check points and control points
Variability in storm climate along the Gulf of Cadiz: the role of large scale atmospheric forcing and implications to coastal hazards
In the context of increased coastal hazards due
to variability in storminess patterns, the danger of coastal
damages and/or morphological changes is related to the
sum of sea level conditions, storm surge, maximum wave
height and run up values. In order to better understand the
physical processes that cause the variability of the above
parameters a 44 years reanalysis record (HIPOCAS) was
used. The HIPOCAS time-series was validated with real
wave and sea-level data using linear and vector correlation
methods. In the present work changes in the magnitude,
duration, frequency and approach direction of the Atlantic
storms over the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Iberian Peninsula)
were identified by computing various storm characteristics
such as maximum wave height, total energy per storm wave
direction and storm duration. The obtained time-series were
compared with large-scale atmospheric indices such as the
North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the East Atlantic pattern.
The results show a good correlation between negative
NAO values and increased storminess over the entire Gulf of Cadiz. Furthermore, negative NAO values were correlated
with high residual sea level values. Finally, a joint
probability analysis of storm and sea level analysis resulted
in increased probabilities of the two events happening at
the same time indicating higher vulnerability of the coast
and increased coastal risks. The above results were compared
with coastal inundation events that took place over
the last winter seasons in the province of Cadiz.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Confronting Passive and Active Sensors with Non-Gaussian Statistics
This paper has two motivations: firstly, to compare the Digital Surface Models (DSM) derived by passive (digital camera) and by active (terrestrial laser scanner) remote sensing systems when applied to specific architectural objects, and secondly, to test how well the Gaussian classic statistics, with its Least Squares principle, adapts to data sets where asymmetrical gross errors may appear and whether this approach should be changed for a non-parametric one. The field of geomatic technology automation is immersed in a high demanding competition in which any innovation by one of the contenders immediately challenges the opponents to propose a better improvement. Nowadays, we seem to be witnessing an improvement of terrestrial photogrammetry and its integration with computer vision to overcome the performance limitations of laser scanning methods. Through this contribution some of the issues of this âtechnological raceâ are examined from the point of view of photogrammetry. A new software is introduced and an experimental test is designed, performed and assessed to try to cast some light on this thrilling match. For the case considered in this study, the results show good agreement between both sensors, despite considerable asymmetry. This asymmetry suggests that the standard Normal parameters are not adequate to assess this type of data, especially when accuracy is of importance. In this case, standard deviation fails to provide a good estimation of the results, whereas the results obtained for the Median Absolute Deviation and for the Biweight Midvariance are more appropriate measures
Historical Single Image-Based Modeling: The Case of Gobierna Tower, Zamora (Spain)
Historical perspective images have been proved to be very useful to properly provide a dimensional analysis of buildings façades or even to generate a pseudo-3D reconstruction based on rectified images of the whole structure. In this paper, the case of Gobierna Tower (Zamora, Spain) is analyzed from a historical single image-based modeling approach. In particular, a bottom-up approach, which takes advantage from the perspective of the image, the existence of the three vanishing points and the usual geometric constraints (i.e., planarity, orthogonality, and parallelism) is applied for the dimensional analysis of a destroyed historical building. Results were compared with ground truth measurements existing in a historical topographical surveying obtaining deviations of about 1%
An Updated View of the Importance of Vesicular Trafficking and Transport and Their Role in Immune-Mediated Diseases: Potential Therapeutic Interventions
Cellular trafficking is the set of processes of distributing different macromolecules by the cell. This process is highly regulated in cells, involving a system of organelles (endomembranous system), among which are a great variety of vesicles that can be secreted from the cell, giving rise to different types of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can be captured by other cells to modulate their function. The cells of the immune system are especially sensitive to this cellular traffic, producing and releasing different classes of EVs, especially in disease states. There is growing interest in this field due to the therapeutic and translational possibilities it offers. Different ways of taking advantage of the understanding of cell trafficking and EVs are being investigated, and their use as biomarkers or therapeutic targets is being investigated. The objective of this review is to collect the latest results and knowledge in this area with a specific focus on immune-mediated diseases. Although some promising results have been obtained, further knowledge is still needed, at both the basic and translational levels, to understand and modulate cellular traffic and EVs for better clinical management of these patients
The Genetic Architecture of Parkinson Disease in Spain: Characterizing Population-Specific Risk, Differential Haplotype Structures, and Providing Etiologic Insight
Background: The Iberian Peninsula stands out as having variable levels of population admixture and isolation, making Spain an interesting setting for studying the genetic architecture of neurodegenerative diseases. Objectives: To perform the largest PD genome-wide association study restricted to a single country. Methods: We performed a GWAS for both risk of PD and age at onset in 7,849 Spanish individuals. Further analyses included population-specific risk haplotype assessments, polygenic risk scoring through machine learning, Mendelian randomization of expression, and methylation data to gain insight into disease-associated loci, heritability estimates, genetic correlations, and burden analyses. Results: We identified a novel population-specific genome-wide association study signal at PARK2 associated with age at onset, which was likely dependent on the c.155delA mutation. We replicated four genome-wide independent signals associated with PD risk, including SNCA, LRRK2, KANSL1/MAPT, and HLA-DQB1. A significant trend for smaller risk haplotypes at known loci was found compared to similar studies of non-Spanish origin. Seventeen PD-related genes showed functional consequence by two-sample Mendelian randomization in expression and methylation data sets. Long runs of homozygosity at 28 known genes/loci were found to be enriched in cases versus controls. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate the utility of the Spanish risk haplotype substructure for future fine-mapping efforts, showing how leveraging unique and diverse population histories can benefit genetic studies of complex diseases. The present study points to PARK2 as a major hallmark of PD etiology in Spain.This research was supported, in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; project numbers: 1ZIAâNS003154â03, Z01âAG000949â02, and Z01âES101986). In addition, this work was supported by the Department of Defense (award W81XWHâ09â2â0128), The Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research, and the ISCIII Grants PI 15/0878 (Fondos Feder) to V.A. and PI 15/01013 to J,H. This study was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PI14/01823, PI16/01575, PI18/01898, [SAF2006â10126 (2006â2009), SAF2010â22329âC02â01 (2010â2012), and SAF2013â47939âR (2013â2018)]), coâfounded by ISCIII (SubdirecciĂłn General de EvaluaciĂłn y Fomento de la InvestigaciĂłn) and by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), the ConsejerĂa de EconomĂa, InnovaciĂłn, Ciencia y Empleo de la Junta de AndalucĂa (CVIâ02526, CTSâ7685), the ConsejerĂa de Salud y Bienestar Social de la Junta de AndalucĂa (PIâ0437â2012, PIâ0471â2013), the Sociedad Andaluza de NeurologĂa, the Jacques and Gloria Gossweiler Foundation, the FundaciĂłn Alicia Koplowitz, and the FundaciĂłn Mutua Madrileña. Pilar GĂłmezâGarre was supported by the âMiguel Servetâ (from ISCIII16 FEDER) and âNicolĂĄs Monardesâ (from Andalusian Ministry of Health) programmes. Silvia JesĂșs Maestre was supported by the âJuan RodĂ©sâ programme, and Daniel MacĂasâGarcĂa was supported by the âRĂo Hortegaâ programme (both from ISCIIIâFEDER). Cristina Tejera Parrado was supported by VPPIâUS from the Universidad de Sevilla. This research has been conducted using samples from the HUVRâIBiS Biobank (Andalusian Public Health System Biobank and ISCIIIâRed de Biobancos PT13/0010/0056). This work was also supported by the grant PSI2014â57643 from the Junta de AndalucĂa to the CTSâ438 group and a research award from the Andalusian Society of Neurology